The roles of toll like receptor 3, 7 and 8 in allergic rhinitis pathogenesis
Main Article Content
Keywords
Allergic rhinitis, TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, Inflammation
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis, as an allergic and nasal hypersensitivity disease, is associated with the inflammation of nasal mucosa. It appears that innate immune receptors are the important risk factors in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory disease. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the most important receptors of innate immunity; their crucial roles in the recognition of allergens and subsequently pathogenesis of allergic diseases have been evaluated recently. TLR3, 7 and 8 are the intracellular members of the innate immune receptors and recognize intracellular single and double-strand RNAs. This review article collected the investigations regarding the roles of TLR3, 7 and 8 in the allergic rhinitis pathogenesis.
References
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26. Fransson M, Adner M, Erjefalt J, Jansson L, Uddman R, Cardell LO. Up-regulation of Toll-like receptors 2, 3 and 4 in allergic rhinitis. Respir Res. 2005;6:100. Epub 2005/09/09.
27. Contoli M, Ito K, Padovani A, Poletti D, Marku B, Edwards MR, et al. Th2 cytokines impair innate immune responses to rhinovirus in respiratory epithelial cells. Allergy. 2015;70:910-20. Epub 2015/04/11.
28. Mansson A, Fransson M, Adner M, Benson M, Uddman R, Bjornsson S, et al. TLR3 in human eosinophils: functional effects and decreased expression during allergic rhinitis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2010;151:118-28. Epub 2009/09/16.
29. Greiff L, Ahlstrom-Emanuelsson C, Alenas M, Almqvist G, Andersson M, Cervin A, et al. Biological effects and clinical efficacy of a topical Toll-like receptor 7 agonist in seasonal allergic rhinitis: a parallel-group controlled phase IIa study. Inflamm Res. 2015;64:903-15. Epub 2015/09/08.
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31. Tsitoura D, Ambery C, Price M, Powley W, Garthside S, Biggadike K, et al. Early clinical evaluation of the intranasal TLR7 agonist GSK2245035: use of translational biomarkers to guide dosing and confirm target engagement. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2015;98:369-80.
32. Boghdadi G, Hammad N, Amer A, Sammour S, Sorour S. R848, a Toll-like receptors 7 and 8 agonist, a potential therapy for allergic rhinitis patients. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets. 2014;13:144-9. Epub 2014/04/30.
33. Henmyr V, Carlberg D, Manderstedt E, Lind-Hallden C, Sall T, Cardell LO, et al. Genetic variation of the Toll-like receptors in a Swedish allergic rhinitis case population. BMC Med Genet. 2017;18:18. Epub 2017/02/24.
34. Nilsson D, Andiappan AK, Halldén C, De Yun W, Säll T, Tim CF, et al. Toll-like receptor gene polymorphisms are associated with allergic rhinitis: a case-control study. BMC Med Genet. 2012;13:66.
2. Bagheri V, Askari A, Arababadi MK, Kennedy D. Can Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 be considered as a new target for immunotherapy against hepatitis B infection? Hum Immun. 2014;75:549-54.
3. Zare-Bidaki M, Tsukiyama-Kohara K, Arababadi MK. Toll-like receptor 4 and hepatitis B infection: molecular mechanisms and pathogenesis. Viral Immunol. 2014;27:321-6.
4. Zare-Bidaki M, Hakimi H, Abdollahi SH, Zainodini N, Arababadi MK, Kennedy D. TLR4 in Toxoplasmosis; friends or foe? Microb Pathog. 2014;69-70:28-32.
5. Hakimizadeh E, Kazemi Arababadi M, Shamsizadeh A, Roohbakhsh A, Allahtavakoli M. The possible role of Toll-like receptor 4 in the pathology of stroke. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2016;23:131-6.
6. Karimi-Googheri M, Arababadi MK. TLR3 plays significant roles against hepatitis B virus. Mol Biol Rep. 2014;41:3279-86.
7. Khvalevsky E, Rivkin L, Rachmilewitz J, Galun E, Giladi H. TLR3 signaling in a hepatoma cell line is skewed towards apoptosis. J Cell Biochem. 2007;100:1301-12. Epub 2007/01/24.
8. Sepehri Z, Kiani Z, Alavian SM, Arababadi MK, Kennedy D. The link between TLR7 signaling and hepatitis B virus infection. Life Sci. 2016;158:63-9.
9. Skoner DP. Allergic rhinitis: definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, detection, and diagnosis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;108 Suppl: S2-8.
10. Togias AG. Systemic immunologic and inflammatory aspects of allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2000;106 Suppl: S247-50.
11. Haberal I, Corey JP. The role of leukotrienes in nasal allergy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003;129:274-9.
12. Hansen I, Klimek L, Mosges R, Hormann K. Mediators of inflammation in the early and the late phase of allergic rhinitis. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004;4:159-63.
13. Organization WA. WAO white book on allergy update. Milwaukee, WI: World Allergy Organization; 2013. p. 2014.
14. Bousquet J, Van Cauwenberge P, Khaltaev N, Aria Workshop G, World Health O. Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;108 Suppl: S147-334.
15. Lim M, Leong J. Allergic rhinitis: evidence-based practice. Singap Med J. 2010;51:542-50.
16. Corriveau MN, Bachert C. Allergic and nonallergic rhinitis. In: Rhinology: diseases of the nose, sinuses, and skull base. 2012.
17. Sawada T, Arimura A, Kuwajima G. Drug for the treatment of allergic rhinitis comprising Pgd2 antagonist and histamine antagonist. WO Patent 2,013,047,725; 2013.
18. Globinska A, Pawelczyk M, Piechota-Polanczyk A, OlszewskaZiaber A, Moskwa S, Mikolajczyk A, et al. Impaired virus replication and decreased innate immune responses to viral infections in nasal epithelial cells from patients with allergic rhinitis. Clin Exp Immunol. 2017;187:100-12. Epub 2016/09/27.
19. Hwang SH, Cho HK, Park SH, Lee W, Lee HJ, Lee DC, et al. Characteristics of human turbinate-derived mesenchymal stem cells are not affected by allergic condition of donor. PLOS ONE. 2015;10:e0138041.
20. Ebrahimi H, Soleimani M, Kazemi Arababadi M, Ahmadbeigi N, Hassanshahi G, Farjadfar A, et al. An in vitro assay to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of unrestricted somatic stem cells. Iran J Immunol. 2010;7:30-8. Epub 2010/04/08.
21. Yang C, Li J, Lin H, Zhao K, Zheng C. Nasal mucosa derived-mesenchymal stem cells from mice reduce inflammation via modulating immune responses. PLOS ONE. 2015;10: e0118849.
22. Desai MB, Gavrilova T, Liu J, Patel SA, Kartan S, Greco SJ, et al. Pollen-induced antigen presentation by mesenchymal stem cells and T cells from allergic rhinitis. Clin Transl Immunol. 2013;2:e7.
23. Brandelius A, Andersson M, Uller L. Topical dsRNA challenges may induce overexpression of airway antiviral cytokines in symptomatic allergic disease. A pilot in vivo study in nasal airways. Respir Med. 2014;108:1816-9.
24. Tengroth L, Millrud CR, Kvarnhammar AM, Kumlien Georen S, Latif L, Cardell LO. Functional effects of Toll-like receptor (TLR)3 7, 9, RIG-I and MDA-5 stimulation in nasal epithelial cells. PLOS ONE. 2014;9:e98239. Epub 2014/06/03.
25. Fuchimoto J, Kojima T, Kobayashi N, Ohkuni T, Ogasawara N, Masaki T, et al. Hop water extract inhibits double-stranded RNA-induced thymic stromal lymphopoietin release from human nasal epithelial cells. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2012;26:433-8. Epub 2012/12/13.
26. Fransson M, Adner M, Erjefalt J, Jansson L, Uddman R, Cardell LO. Up-regulation of Toll-like receptors 2, 3 and 4 in allergic rhinitis. Respir Res. 2005;6:100. Epub 2005/09/09.
27. Contoli M, Ito K, Padovani A, Poletti D, Marku B, Edwards MR, et al. Th2 cytokines impair innate immune responses to rhinovirus in respiratory epithelial cells. Allergy. 2015;70:910-20. Epub 2015/04/11.
28. Mansson A, Fransson M, Adner M, Benson M, Uddman R, Bjornsson S, et al. TLR3 in human eosinophils: functional effects and decreased expression during allergic rhinitis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2010;151:118-28. Epub 2009/09/16.
29. Greiff L, Ahlstrom-Emanuelsson C, Alenas M, Almqvist G, Andersson M, Cervin A, et al. Biological effects and clinical efficacy of a topical Toll-like receptor 7 agonist in seasonal allergic rhinitis: a parallel-group controlled phase IIa study. Inflamm Res. 2015;64:903-15. Epub 2015/09/08.
30. Greiff L, Cervin A, Ahlstrom-Emanuelsson C, Almqvist G, Andersson M, Dolata J, et al. Repeated intranasal TLR7 stimulation reduces allergen responsiveness in allergic rhinitis. Respir Res. 2012;13:53. Epub 2012/06/26.
31. Tsitoura D, Ambery C, Price M, Powley W, Garthside S, Biggadike K, et al. Early clinical evaluation of the intranasal TLR7 agonist GSK2245035: use of translational biomarkers to guide dosing and confirm target engagement. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2015;98:369-80.
32. Boghdadi G, Hammad N, Amer A, Sammour S, Sorour S. R848, a Toll-like receptors 7 and 8 agonist, a potential therapy for allergic rhinitis patients. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets. 2014;13:144-9. Epub 2014/04/30.
33. Henmyr V, Carlberg D, Manderstedt E, Lind-Hallden C, Sall T, Cardell LO, et al. Genetic variation of the Toll-like receptors in a Swedish allergic rhinitis case population. BMC Med Genet. 2017;18:18. Epub 2017/02/24.
34. Nilsson D, Andiappan AK, Halldén C, De Yun W, Säll T, Tim CF, et al. Toll-like receptor gene polymorphisms are associated with allergic rhinitis: a case-control study. BMC Med Genet. 2012;13:66.
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Oct 15, 2018
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Golshiri-Isfahani, A., Amizadeh, M., & Arababadi, M. (2018). The roles of toll like receptor 3, 7 and 8 in allergic rhinitis pathogenesis. Allergologia Et Immunopathologia, 46(5), 503-507. https://all-imm.com/index.php/aei/article/view/384
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How to Cite
Golshiri-Isfahani, A., Amizadeh, M., & Arababadi, M. (2018). The roles of toll like receptor 3, 7 and 8 in allergic rhinitis pathogenesis. Allergologia Et Immunopathologia, 46(5), 503-507. https://all-imm.com/index.php/aei/article/view/384