Prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and pollinosis in a city of Brazil: A monitoring study
Main Article Content
Keywords
Epidemiology, Asthma, Allergic rhinitis, Pollinosis
Abstract
Background: Allergic respiratory diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinitis have increased considerably in the last decades.
Objective: The present study estimates prevalence trends of asthma, allergic rhinitis and pollinosis in the population of a city of Southern Brazil, without restriction of age, from 2011 to 2018, using the ISAAC standardized questionnaire.
Methods: Data was collected from March to June of 2011 and during the same months in 2018, in order to verify trends in the prevalence of these allergic conditions. The total sample consisted of 3132 individuals of both sexes living in the municipality of Santo Ângelo, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Results: No differences were observed in the prevalence of asthma diagnosis (15.1% in 2011 and 13.8% in 2018), however the prevalence of current wheeze was significantly reduced from 24.7% in 2011 to 21.2% in 2018 (p < 0.05). Regarding allergic conditions in 2011 and in 2018, a significant reduction was observed (p < 0.001) in reported current rhinitis (63.3% vs. 50.5%), rhinoconjunctivitis (48.9% vs. 38.8%), hay fever (52.0% vs. 43.3%), and pollinosis (29.0% vs 17.0%). Moreover, we observed an inverse relation between age and rhinoconjunctivitis and hay fever, and all symptoms were more frequent in females. Rhinoconjunctivitis and hay fever, as well as current rhinitis and pollinosis were highly prevalent among 30-39 years-old individuals, whereas current wheeze affected mainly the age group 10-19 years-old.
Conclusion: While the prevalence of asthma remained similar after seven years, allergic rhinitis and pollinosis declined between 2011 and 2018.
References
2. Bro˙zek JL, Bousquet J, Agache I, et al. Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA) guidelines-2016 revision. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;140:950-8, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2017.03.050.
3. Global Asthma Network. In: Network Global Asthma, editor. The global asthma report 2018. Auckland, New Zealand: IEEE; 2018., http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2009.5414240.
4. Lundbäck B, Backman H, Lötvall J, Rönmark E. Is asthma prevalence still increasing? Expert Rev Respir Med. 2016;10:39-51, http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/17476348.2016.1114417.
5. Vieira FM, Ferreira EN, Matter LB. Is the prevalence of pollinosis associated to Lolium multiflorum cultivation? Rev Bras Alerg Imunopatol. 2005;28:47-52.
6. Vieira FM, Braga GL, Filho PFO. Prevalence of pollinosis in Brazilian Army soldiers in southern Brazil. Rev Bras Alerg Imunopatol. 2009;32:221-6.
7. Fenner AP, Lazzari JH, Oliveira TB, Ferreira ENN. Prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis among students from Santo Ângelo/RS. Rev AMRIGS. 2009;53:122-7.
8. de Oliveira TB, Moscon JG, Ferreira ENN, da Veiga ABG. Prevalence of symptoms of asthma and allergic rhinitis in children in Southern Brazil: a ten-year monitoring study. J Asthma. 2019:1-8, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2019.1573253.
9. de Oliveira TB, Klering EA, da Veiga ABG. Is recurrent respiratory infection associated with allergic respiratory disease? J Asthma. 2019;56:160-6, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2018.1445266.
10. Brasil. IBGE Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística; 2018.
11. Asher MI, Keil U, Anderson HR, et al. International study of asthma and allergies in childhood (ISAAC): rationale and methods. Eur Respir J. 1995;8:483-91, http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.95.08030483.
12. Solé D, Charles K, Naspitz. Epidemiology of asthma:‘‘international study of asthma and allergies in childhood’’ ISAAC. Rev Bras Alerg Imunopatol. 1998;21:38-45.
13. Esteves PC, Tripia SG, Nelson RF, Caleffe LG. Validation of ISAAC questionnaire for perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis in Curitiba. Rev Bras Alerg Imunopatol. 1999;22:106-13.
14. Sologuren MJ, Silveira HL, Calil JA Jr. Association among asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema, using ISAAC protocol. Arq Asma Alerg Imunol. 2000;23:111-7.
15. Ferrari FP, Rosario Filho NA, Ribas LFO, Callefe LG. Prevalence of asthma in schoolchildren in Curitiba - ISAAC. J Pediatr (Rio J). 1998;74:299-305.
16. Garcia-Larsen V, Potts JF, Del Giacco S, et al. Changes in symptoms of asthma and rhinitis by sensitization status over ten years in a cohort of young Chilean adults. BMC Pulm Med. 2016;16:116, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-016-0273-6.
17. Asher MI, Montefort S, Björkstén B, et al. Worldwide time trends in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in childhood: ISAAC Phases One and Three repeat multicountry cross-sectional surveys. Lancet. 2006;368:733-43.
18. Solé D, Filho NAR, Sarinho ES, et al. Prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases in adolescents: nine-year followup study (2003-2012). J Pediatr (Rio J). 2015;91:30-5, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2014.05.002.
19. Macedo SEC, Menezes AMB, Knorst M, et al. Risk factors for asthma in adults in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23:863-74, http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2007000400014.
20. To T, Stanojevic S, Moores G, et al. Global asthma prevalence in adults: findings from the cross-sectional world health survey. BMC Public Health. 2012;12:204, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-204.
21. Tarraf H, Aydin O, Mungan D, et al. Prevalence of asthma among the adult general population of five Middle Eastern countries: results of the SNAPSHOT program. BMC Pulm Med. 2018;18:68, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-018-0621-9.
22. Browatzki A, Ulrik CS, Lange P. Prevalence and severity of self-reported asthma in young adults, 1976-2004. Eur Respir J. 2009;34:1046-51, http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00177908.
23. Salo PM, Calatroni A, Gergen PJ, et al. Allergyrelated outcomes in relation to serum IgE: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2010.12.1106, 1226-35.e7.
24. Grønhøj Larsen C, Gyldenløve M, Linneberg A. Allergic rhinitis is often undiagnosed and untreated: results from a general population study of Danish adults. Clin Respir J. 2013;7:354-8, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/crj.12015.
25. Sakano E, Sarinho ESC, Cruz AA, et al. IV Brazilian Consensus on Rhinitis -an update on allergic rhinitis. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2018;84:3-14, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2017.10.006.
26. Bousquet P-J, Leynaert B, Neukirch F, et al. Geographical distribution of atopic rhinitis in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey I. Allergy. 2008;63:1301-9, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2008.01824.x.
27. Dutau G, Lavaud F. La rhinite allergique et ses comorbidités. Rev Fr Allergol. 2019;59:32-40, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. reval.2018.10.006.
28. Bowatte G, Lodge CJ, Knibbs LD, et al. Traffic-related air pollution exposure is associated with allergic sensitization, asthma, and poor lung function in middle age. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;139, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.05.008, 122-129.e1.
29. Treudler R, Zeynalova S, Kirsten T, Engel C, Loeffler M, Simon J-C. Living in the city centre is associated with type 1 sensitization to outdoor allergens in Leipzig, Germany. Clin Respir J. 2018;12:2686-8, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/crj.12967.
30. Taketomi EA, Ferreira P, Moreira DS, Vieira FM. Pollen allergic disease: pollens and its major allergens. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2006;72:562-7, http://dx.doi.org/10. 1590/S0034-72992006000400020.
31. Brazil Ministério da Saúde S de V em S. In: Ministério da Saúde S de V em S, editor. Vigitel Brazil 2017: surveillance of risk and protective factors for chronic diseases by telephone survey: estimates of frequency and sociodemographic distribution of risk and protective factors for chronic diseases in the capitals of the 26 Brazilian Sta, vol 1. 1 a. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde; 2018.
32. Sybilski AJ, Raciborski F, Lipiec A, et al. Obesity - a risk factor for asthma, but not for atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and sensitization. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18:530-6, http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980014000676.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.