Clinical use of ketoprofen lysine salt: a reappraisal in adolescents with acute respiratory infections
Main Article Content
Keywords
acute respiratory infection, inflammation, fever, pain, symptoms, adolescent, ketoprofen lysine salt
Abstract
Upper respiratory infections are widespread, and they are mainly of viral etiology. It has to be remarked that every infection is always associated with an inflammatory response. Inflammation implicates a cascade of bothersome symptoms, including fever, pain (headache, myalgia, and arthralgia), malaise, and respiratory complaints. As a result, anti-inflammatory medications could be beneficial as they act on different pathogenetic pathways. The ketoprofen lysine salt (KLS) has a potent anti-inflammatory activity associated with effective analgesic and antipyretic effects and has a valuable safety profile. However, adolescents present peculiar psychological characteristics that determine their difficulty to be managed. In this regard, an adolescent with a respiratory infection requires a prompt and adequate cure. KLS, thanks to its pharmacologic profile, could be favorably used in this regard. A recent primary-care experience outlined its effectiveness in this issue.
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4. Li G, Fan Y, Lai Y, Han T, Li Z, Zhou P, et al. Coronavirus infections and immune responses. J Med Virol. 2020;92(4):424–32. 10.1002/jmv.25685
5. Hutchinson EC. Influenza Virus. Trends Microbiol. 2018;26(9):809–810. 10.1016/j.tim.2018.05.013
6. Branche AR, Falsey AR. Parainfluenza Virus Infection. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2016;37(4):538–54. 10.1055/s-0036-1584798
7. Del Vecchio A, Ferrara T, Maglione M, Capasso L, Raimondi F. New perspectives in Respiratory Syncitial Virus infection. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013;26(Suppl 2):55–9. 10.3109/14767058.2013.831282
8. Schuster JE, Williams JV. Emerging Respiratory Viruses in Children. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2018;32(1):65–74. 10.1016/j.idc.2017.10.001
9. Moriyama M, Hugentobler WJ, Iwasaki A. Seasonality of Respiratory Viral Infections. Annu Rev Virol. 2020;7(1):83–101. 10.1146/annurev-virology-012420-022445
10. Humiston SG, Pham TN. Influenza-Like Illness Diagnosis and Management in the Acute Care Setting. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2016 Dec;32(12):875–82. 10.1097/PEC.0000000000000974
11. Spencer JA, Shutt DP, Moser SK, Clegg H, Wearing HJ, Mukundan H, et al. Distinguishing viruses responsible for-influenza-like illness. J Theor Biol. 2022;545:111145. 10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111145
12. Fitzner J, Qasmieh S, Mounts AW, Alexander B, Besselaar T, Briand S, et al. Revision of clinical case definitions: influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory infection. Bull World Health Organ. 2018;96(2):122–28. 10.2471/BLT.17.194514
13. Heikkinen T, Järvinen A. The common cold. Lancet. 2003; 361(9351):51–9. 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12162-9
14. Kardos P, Malek FA. Common Cold-an Umbrella Term for Acute Infections of Nose, Throat, Larynx and Bronchi. Pneumologie. 2017;71(4):221–26. 10.1055/s-0042-116112
15. Passioti M, Maggina P, Megremis S, Papadopoulos NG. The common cold: potential for future prevention or cure. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2014 Feb;14(2):413. 10.1007/s11882-013-0413-5
16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Common cold. https://www.cdc.gov/dotw/common-cold/index.html
17. DeGeorge KC, Ring DJ, Dalrymple SN. Treatment of the common cold. Am Fam Physic 2019;100:281–9.
18. Fokkens W, Lund V, Hopkins C, Hellings P, Kern R, Reitsma S, et al. EPOS2020: European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020. Rhinology 2020;58(Suppl S29):1–464. 10.4193/Rhin20.601
19. Ciprandi G, Tosca MA. Non-pharmacological remedies for post-viral acute cough. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2021;92(1):20–32. 10.4081/monaldi.2021.1821
20. Degeorge KC, Ring DJ, Dalrymple SN. Treatment of the common cold. Am Fam Physician 2019;100:281–9.
21. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Antibiotic use in the United States, 2023: progress and opportunities. Accessed March, 20, 2023.
22. Jaume F, Valls-Mateus M, Mullol J. Common Cold and Acute Rhinosinusitis: Up-to-Date Management in 2020. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2020;20(7):28. 10.1007/s11882-020-00917-5
23. Forchette L, Sebastian W, Liu T. A Comprehensive Review of COVID-19 Virology, Vaccines, Variants, and Therapeutics. Curr Med Sci. 2021;41(6):1037–51. 10.1007/s11596-021-2395-1
24. Anka AU, Tahir MI, Abubakar SD, Alsabbagh M, Zian Z, Hamedifar H, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): An overview of the immunopathology, serological diagnosis and management. Scand J Immunol. 2021;93(4):e12998. 10.1111/sji.12998
25. Van Brusselen D, De Troeyer K, Ter Haar E, Vander Auwera A, Poschet K, Van Nuijs S, et al. Bronchiolitis in COVID-19 times: a nearly absent disease? Eur J Pediatr. 2021;180(6):1969–73. 10.1007/s00431-021-03968-6
26. Cardenas J, Pringle C, Filipp SL, Gurka MJ, Ryan KA, Avery KL. Changes in Critical Bronchiolitis After COVID-19 Lockdown. Cureus. 2022;14(5):e25064. 10.7759/cureus.25064
27. Krumbein H, Kümmel LS, Fragkou PC, Thölken C, Hünerbein BL, Reiter R, et al. Respiratory viral co-infections in patients with COVID-19 and associated outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Med Virol. 2023;33(1):e2365. 10.1002/rmv.2365
28. Moore N, Bosco-Levy P, Thurin N, Blin P, Droz-Perroteau C. NSAIDs and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Drug Saf. 2021;44(9):929–38. 10.1007/s40264-021-01089-5
29. Bacchi S, Palumbo P, Sponta A, Coppolino MF. Clinical pharmacology of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a review. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2012;11(1):52–64. 10.2174/187152312803476255
30. Litalien C, Jacqz-Aigrain E. Risks and benefits of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in children: a comparison with paracetamol. Pediatric Drugs 2001;3(11):817–58. 10.2165/00128072-200103110-00004
31. Julou L, Guyonnet JC, Ducrot R, Fournel J, Pasquet J. Ketoprofen (1 9.583 RP) (2-(3-benzoylphenyl-l)-propionic acid); main pharmacological properties; outline of toxicological and pharmacokinetic data. Scand J Rheumatol 1976;5(Suppl 14):33–42.
32. Julou L, Guyonnet JC, Ducrot R, Pasquel J. Some pharmacological and toxicological studies on ketoprofen. Eighth European rheumatology congress, Helsinki, 1975. symposium on ketoprofen. Rheumatol Rehabil 1976;15(Suppl):5–10. 10.1093/rheumatology/15.5.5
33. Dawson W, Boot JR, Harvey J, Walker JR. The pharmacology of benoxaprofen with particular reference to effects on lipoxygenase products formation. Eur J Rheumatol lnflamm 1982;5:61–8.
34. Higgs GA, Moncada S, Vane JR. The mode of action of anti--inflammatory drugs which prevent the peroxidation of arachidonic acid. In: Huskisson EC, ed. Anti-rheumatic drugs. New York: Praeger, 1983:11–36.
35. Palmer RJ, Stepney R, Higgs GA, Eakins KE. Chemokinetic activity of arachidonic acid lipoxygenase products on leukocytes from different species. Prostaglandins 1980;20:411–18. 10.1016/S0090-6980(80)80058-X
36. Julou L, Guyonnet JC, Ducrot R. Etude des proprietes-pharmacologiques d’un nouvel anti-inflammatoire, I’acide (benzoyl-3 phBnyl)-2 propionique (19 583 RP). J Pharmacol (Paris) 1971;2:259–86.
37. Mannila A, Kokki H, Heikkinen M, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid distribution of ketoprofen after intravenous administration in young children. Clin Pharmacokinet 2006;45(7):737–43. 10.2165/00003088-200645070-00008
38. Jamali F, Brocks DR. Clinical pharmacokinetics of ketoprofen and its enantiomers. Clin Pharmacokinet 1990;19(3):197–217. 10.2165/00003088-199019030-00004
39. Cailleteau JG. Ketoprofen in dentistry: a pharmacologic review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1988;66(5):620–4. 10.1016/0030-4220(88)90386-6
40. Rusca A. Two Way Crossover, Randomised, Single Dose Comparative Bioavailability Study of Ketoprofen Lysine Salt after Oral Administration to Healthy Volunteers of Both Sexes. (IPAS-KETO-25-94), Data on File 1994.
41. Kalinski P. Regulation of Immune Responses by Prostaglandin E2. J Immunol 2012;188:21–28. 10.4049/jimmunol.1101029
42. Marmo E, Ottavo R, Giordano L, Paone G, Falcone O, Spaziante G, et al. Experimental assessment of some pharmacodynamic features of ketoprofen lysine. Pain relief activity, antipyretic effects, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-platelet aggregation activity and interference with the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Arch Sci Med 1980;137:387–404.
43. Mannila A, Kokki H, Heikkinen M. Cerebrospinal fluid distribution of ketoprofen after intravenous administration in young children. Clin Pharmacokinet 2006;45(7):737–43. 10.2165/00003088-200645070-00008
44. McCormack K, Brune K. Dissociation between the Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of the Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. A Survey of Their Analgesic Efficacy. Drugs 1991;41:533–47. 10.2165/00003495-199141040-00003
45. Bjarnason I, Scarpignato C, Takeuchi K, Rainsford KD. Determinants of the short-term gastric damage caused by NSAIDs in man. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007;26(1):95–106. 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03348.x
46. Panerai AE. The management of pain-inflammatory conditions. Trends Med 2011; 11(4):163–77.
47. Lapicque F, Jankowski R, Netter P, Bannwarth B, Guillemin C, Bene MC, et al. Drug Assay in Ground Tissues: Example of Ketoprofen Diffusion into Tonsillar Tissue J Pharm Sci 1990;79(9):791–95. 10.1002/jps.2600790909
48. Lee W, Kim J, Jee U, Rhyu B. Ketoprofen lysinate. J Korean Pharm. Sci 1982;12, 37-44.
49. Brandolini L, d’Angelo M, Antonosante A, Villa S, Cristiano L, Castelli V, et al. Differential protein modulation by ketoprofen and ibuprofen underlines different cellular response by gastric epithelium. J Cell Physiol. 2018;233(3):2304–12. 10.1002/jcp.26102
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Nov 1, 2023
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How to Cite
Marseglia, G. L., & Ciprandi, G. (2023). Clinical use of ketoprofen lysine salt: a reappraisal in adolescents with acute respiratory infections. Allergologia Et Immunopathologia, 51(6), 76-82. https://doi.org/10.15586/v51i6.918
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Review Article
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Author Biography
Gian Luigi Marseglia, Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
How to Cite
Marseglia, G. L., & Ciprandi, G. (2023). Clinical use of ketoprofen lysine salt: a reappraisal in adolescents with acute respiratory infections. Allergologia Et Immunopathologia, 51(6), 76-82. https://doi.org/10.15586/v51i6.918