Early presentation of allergic contact dermatitis due to paraphenylenediamine

Main Article Content

Irene Andrés Alberola
Eva Jiménez Hernández
José F. Soltero Carracedo
Alba Macías Panedas
Natalia Martín Iranzo
María Bartolomé Morate
Susana Alberola López
Jesús Rodríguez Calleja

Keywords

Children, Contact Dermatitis, Henna, Parapheny-lenediamine, Tattoo

Abstract

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a more frequent pathology in adults than in children, because, in most cases, allergic sensitization requires a prolonged exposure time to the allergen, mostly months or years. In fact, the actual incidence and prevalence of ACD in children and adolescents is unknown. However, there is a hypothesis that ACD is increasing in the pediatric population. Among the allergens involved in ACD, the frequency of paraphenylenediamine (PPDA) is increasing. PPDA is one of the five most common contact allergens in the general population and one of the 10 most common contact allergens in children. The most relevant sources today are henna tattoos and hair dyes. Currently, European Union legislation limits the use of PPDA in hair dyes and prohibits its use in henna tattoos. Despite this legislation, the use of henna tattoos with PPDA is becoming more frequent in younger ages. We report an early presentation of ACD by PPDA, with a permanent hypopigmented skin area as an aftermath, in a 7-year-old male child. We believe that health authorities should advise against making these tattoos in children.

Abstract 403 | PDF Downloads 482 HTML Downloads 0 XML Downloads 11

References

1. Valderrama Arnay S, Morales Tirado A, López de Haro de Torres J. Dermatitis por contacto. Protoc Diagn ter Pediatr. 2019; 2:177–84.

2. Castanedo-Tardan MP, Matiz C, Jacob SE. Dermatitis por contacto en Pediatría: Revisión de opiniones actuales. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2011;102(1) :8–18. 10.1016/j.ad.2009.12.028

3. Ortiz Salvador JM, Esteve Martínez A, Subiabre Ferrer D, Victoria Martínez AM, Cuadra Oyanguren J, Zaragoza Ninet V. Dermatitis alérgica de contacto a parafenilendiamina por tatuajes con henna en población pediátrica. An Pediatr (Barc). 2017;86(3):122–6. 10.1016/j.anpedi.2016.02.010

4. Diego S, Linda L. Paraphenylenediamine in black henna temporary tattoos: 12-year Food and Drug Administration data on incidence, symptoms, and outcomes. J Am Dermatology. 2015;72:724–6. 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.11.031

5. Encabo Durán B, Romero-Pérez D, Silvestre Salvador JF. Actualización en la dermatitis de contacto alérgica por parafenilendiamina. Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed). 2018;109(7):602–9. 10.1016/j.ad.2017.12.007

6. Sachin S Soni, Amit P Nagarik, Manjunath Dinaker, Gopal Kishan Adikey, Anuradha Raman. Systemic toxicity of paraphenylenediamine. Indian J Med Sci. 2009; 63(4):164–6.

7. Kluger N, Raison-Peyron N, Guillot B. Temporary henna tattoos: Sometimes serious side effect. Press Med. 2008;37(7–8):1138–42. 10.1016/j.lpm.2007.09.021

8. Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety SCCS. The SCCS notes of guidance for the testing of cosmetic ingredients and their safety evaluation 10th revision. The SCCS adopted this guidance document at its plenary meeting on 24–25 October, 2018 [Internet]. [cited 2022 Oct 22]. Available from: https://health.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2019-02/sccs_o_224_0.pdf.

9. Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety SCCS opinion on p-Phenylenediamine colipa n A7 The SCCS adopted this opinion at its 15th plenary meeting of 26–27 June, 2012. [Internet]. [cited 2022 Oct 22]. Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/consumer_safety/docs/sccs_o_094.pdf.

10. Wang PG, Krynitsky AJ. Rapid determination of paraphenylenediamine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring in henna-containing cosmetic products. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2011; 879:1795–801. 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.04.030

11. Belloni Fortina A, Caroppo F, Tadiotto Cicogna G. Allergic contact dermatitis in children. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2020;16(6):579–89. 10.1080/1744666X.2020.17778511