The prevalence of sensitization to food allergens in children with atopic dermatitis

Gizem Atakul; Sevgi Sipahi Çimen

doi:10.15586/aei.v51i3.828

Gizem Atakul

Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Malatya Training and Research Hospıtal, Malatya, Turkey.

Sevgi Sipahi Çimen

Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazığ, Turkey.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3026-0906

Keywords

aeroallergen, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, SCORAD, skin prick test

Abstract

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) has a complex pathophysiology. The course of the disease is affected by both environmental factors and allergen hypersensitivities. Food and aeroallergens have a significant role in the pathogenesis and disease control.

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the prevalence of food and aeroallergen sensitivity of children with AD.

Methods: Children under 18 years with AD who applied to pediatric allergy and immunology outpatient clinics were evaluated. All patients had a skin prick test (SPT) within most common food and aeroallergens.

Results: One hundred seventy three patients were studied. Most of the moderate and severe AD patients were boys (boys 64% vs. girls 47%). Symptoms started earlier and positive results in SPTs with food allergens were more common in patients with SCORAD (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis) >25 (p < 0.0001). Egg white (39%), egg yolk (31%), cow’s milk (13%) and wheat flour (5%), were the most common allergens, respectively. The SCORAD scores were higher in multiple food sensitized patients’ groups (p < 0.001). Although, food sensitizations were prevalent in patients who had higher SCORAD scores (p = 0.001), there was no significant difference in sensitization with aeroallergens. (p = 0.392).

Conclusion: Sensitizations to both food and aeroallergens are common in patients with AD. In addition, sensitization to these allergens and SCORAD severity in patients with AD have positive correlation.

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